Endoscopic Guided Biopsy
A biopsy is a diagnostic medical test in which a tissue sample is removed for microscopic examination by a pathologist. A biopsy is performed to determine the presence or extent of a disease such as cancer. They are performed when physical examination, X-ray or other diagnostic test indicates the possible presence of a suspicious material. Biopsies may be taken from any area of the body in which a lesion, mass or lump is found.
An endoscopic guided biopsy uses a thin, lighted, flexible tube known as an endoscope to obtain tissue samples of suspicious-looking head, throat and neck masses. Instruments are passed through the endoscope to extract small tissue samples, which are then sent to a pathology lab for detailed testing. The results will confirm whether or not the masses are cancerous, as well as possible treatment plans.
The Endoscopic Guided Biopsy Procedure
Patients are commonly sedated with general anesthesia. Additional medication and an anesthetic may be applied to the nose and throat to open the nasal and throat passages and keep the areas numb. The doctor inserts the endoscope into the nose and gently guides it down the throat. The doctor can view the nasal passages, larynx and vocal cords. A biopsy is then performed to collect a tissue sample. The examination takes about 20 to 30 minutes. After the procedure, the patient's throat may be sore and they may not be able to eat anything for several hours.
Risks of Endoscopic Guided Biopsy
Although it is considered a routine and safe procedure, there are risks associated with an endoscopic guided biopsy that may include:
- Swelling
- Blocking of the airways
- Bleeding
After the biopsy, the samples will be sent to a pathologist and pathology reports may be done immediately, but usually take several days to more than a week to be received. If the diagnosis is benign, there may be no need for follow-up. If a malignancy or other disease is evident, the doctor will advise the patient as to what further steps must be taken.